Previous studies from our laboratory have demonstrated an important role for TRs in different cell types, as well as in cancer and somatic stem cells, through regulation of the activity of signaling pathways such as BMP, Wnt/β-catenin, Stat3, ERK or TGFβ (68–71), which are also essential in the control of pluripotency and cellular reprogramming (72, 73). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is cancer.