Paradoxically, however, pharmacological treatment that enhances GABAergic transmission has not yet yielded clearly positive effects in patients with FXS (Ligsay et al., 2017; Van der Aa and Kooy, 2020); furthermore, some aspects of GABAergic inhibition are enhanced, instead of reduced, in the Fmr1-KO mice (Cea-Del Rio et al., 2020; Yang et al., 2020). The gene discussed is FMR1; the disease is fragile X syndrome.