RAF1 and melanoma: This approach targets both BRAF-mutant and WT melanoma cells without selectivity.478 Combing Vemurafenib with STAT3 silencing or miR-579-3p overexpression proves effective in overcoming Vemurafenib resistance in cancer cells.479 Furthermore, activation of the RAS-RAF-MAPK pathway is associated with the prevention of Caspase-3 activation, cell protection against apoptosis, and direct phosphorylation of caspase-9.213 Caspase-3 inhibits MEK1 through proteolytic means, leading to reduced pro-survival ERK signaling and increased susceptibility of cell to apoptosis.480