In pregnant mice, IFNγ+ and GZB+CD8+Tem subsets were increased by 36.6% and 184% in response to challenge infection, and frequencies of these subsets were further increased by 29% and 127%, respectively, when pregnant mice were vaccinated before challenge infection (Fig. 3p, r, p < 0.05–0.001). This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and infection.