INS and Hepatic steatosis: Studies have shown that artichokes contain high levels of chlorogenic acid, cynarin, flavonoids, and other active compounds [26, 27].Among these, chlorogenic acid has been reported to improve glucose homeostasis by increasing glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity [28] and improve high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and IR in mice fed a high-fat diet [29], and flavonoid supplements improve IR in overweight and obese participants [30].