CSF1 and neoplasm: A previous report demonstrated that deletion of adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1 (ADAR1), a suppressor of IFN-I response, decreased immunosuppressive macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells and enhanced anti-tumor immunity, which indicates the importance of IFN-I in TME.26 Also, it was reported that IFN-Is inhibited the generation of TAMs by using an IFN-α/β receptor-KO mouse.55 These authors also showed that IFN-Is significantly inhibited the generation of bone-marrow-cell-derived macrophages in response to CSF1 in vitro.