As shown in Figure 2D, genes in cluster 5, which were upregulated during the adenoma to carcinoma transition, were mainly involved in canonical pathways associated with cancer, including the Ras, PI3K-Akt, Proteoglycans in cancer, MAPK, and Hippo signaling pathways, among others (Supplementary Figure S5). This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and adenoma.