TP53 mutations are detected in approximately 10%-20% of patients with de novo MDS and 30%-40% of patients with therapy-related MDS (6, 7), and TP53 abnormalities occur in 70–80% of patients with complex karyotypes or a loss of chromosome 17/17p, 5/5q, or 7/7q (8, 9). The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is myelodysplastic syndrome.