Pan et al. (2008) pointed out that the expression of c-Fos in human endometrium might be regulated by estrogen 17β-E, and c-FOS could enhance the development of endometriosis by promoting the expression of the MMP-9 gene, thereby increasing the invasive potential of endometriotic implants. In a study involving the population of Eastern India, the presence of IL-1β induced the phosphorylation of c-FOS protein, further enhancing gene transcription, promoting the production of MMP-13, and increasing the risk of endometriosis (Pandit et al., 2022). The gene discussed is FOS; the disease is endometriosis.