In a BALB/c mouse ectopic tumor model, E2 is found to restrict the Jak1‐Stat6 signaling pathway by keeping estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) away from interaction with ATPase‐coupling factor 6 (ATP5J), thus acting as an suppressor of macrophage alternative activation and tumor progression, whereas androgen has no significant role in HCC progression.64 This evidence concerns the gene STAT6 and hepatocellular carcinoma.