In contrast, an increase in HIF-1α transcriptional activity (Fig. 4K) and its protein expression (Fig. 4L) by treatment with CoCl2, a chemical inducer of HIF-1, led to upregulated expression of all SSP genes at their mRNA (Fig. 4M) and protein (Fig. 4L) levels in GBM cells cultured in S/G-enriched medium. The gene discussed is HIF1A; the disease is glioblastoma.