In summary, our study found that (1) the exacerbation of P. aeruginosa RTI in T2DM is attributed to the activation of the NF-κB and TREM-1 signaling pathways, (2) the alleviation of P. aeruginosa RTI by acarbose in T2DM individuals is related to the inhibition of the NF-κB and HIF-1α signaling pathways, and (3) this alleviation in non-diabetic individuals is associated with inhibiting the NF-κB and calcium signaling pathways. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.