As shown in Fig. 3A, the change of leptin levels (Time: F(1,137) = 1.678, p = 0.197, partial η2 = 0.012, Time*Group: F(1,137) = 0.534, p = 0.466, partial η2 = 0.004) was not significantly different between pre- and post- acute exercise and not different between MDD patients and HC, showing that the bicycle ergometer test had no effect on the change in leptin levels, nor that the response was altered in depression. The gene discussed is LEP; the disease is major depressive disorder.