VEGFA and retinal disorder: Management strategies for DR, including the recommended follow-up frequency (ranging from once every 12 months to more frequently for more rapidly progressing disease) and treatment approaches (such as laser surgery treatments and intravitreal anti-VEGF injections, among others), are tailored based on the severity of the retinopathy as well as the presence and vision-threatening status of DME, which is the accumulation of fluid in the macula due to leaky blood vessels49.