The mutation proportions were observed in up to 96.59% of the 88 HDR PCa patients (Fig. 9d) and 65.75% of the 73 LDR PCa patients (Fig. 9e), with KRAS, TP53, SMAD4, CKN2A, and TTN genes having high mutation proportions (> = 10%) in both risk subgroups. The gene discussed is SMAD4; the disease is posterior cortical atrophy.