TNF and gout: Moreover, adapted Sanmiao pills, widely utilized in China for the management of gouty arthritis, have demonstrated capability to mitigate the harm caused to ankle joints by MSU and hinder the release of inflammatory cytokines (such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β), alongside reducing the levels of pivotal proteins engaged in the TLRs/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway (Chen et al., 2023).