Similarly, SOX3 genetic variants have been reported to result in microcephaly with variable penetrance (Jelsig et al., 2018), in addition to hypopituitarism (ranging from isolated growth hormone deficiency to panhypopituitarism), intellectual disability, neural tube defects, and craniofacial abnormalities (Rizzoti et al., 2004; Arya et al., 2020). Here, SOX3 is linked to microcephaly.