In a basic study, PCSK9 silencing inhibits atherosclerosis without changing plasma cholesterol levels by reducing vascular inflammation and blocking the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway (29).In addition, PCSK9 expressed by macrophages promoted atherosclerosis by increasing plaque monocyte infiltration and expression of inflammatory markers independent of circulating cholesterol levels (86). Here, NFKB1 is linked to atherosclerosis.