Through preliminary screening using inhibitor/agonist libraries (Fig. S5G-H) and subsequent validation using siRNA-mediated gene knock-down (Fig. 2E, Fig. S5I-J), we identified IKKβ, a component of the NF-κB signaling, which, when knocked-down in miR-125bm altruists, resulted in significant rescue of miR-125b-driven fitness disadvantage using cell lines (Fig. 2E, Fig. S5I-J) and tumor xenograft models (Fig. S5K-L). Here, NFKB1 is linked to neoplasm.