Understanding diabetes management was measured using 10 questions on a 5-point Likert scale that asked participants to rate their understanding of: 1) diet control, 2) blood sugar control, 3) weight management, 4) exercise, 5) use of insulin, 6) footcare, 7) eye care, 8) diabetes complications, 9) medication and 10) alcohol use. This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.