NF1 mutations in humans cause a disorder called neurofibromatosis type 1, characterized by benign tumors of the nervous system (neurofibromas), as well as increased susceptibility to neurocognitive deficits (e.g., attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, visuospatial memory impairments;[23]. Here, NF1 is linked to neurofibromatosis type 1.