detected the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC1-α) and citrate synthase in the myocardium and found that Apelin-13 did not affect the expression of either (76), suggesting that Apelin-13 might not affect the biogenesis of myocardial mitochondria in rats with T2DM. This evidence concerns the gene APLN and type 2 diabetes mellitus.