The positive therapeutic effect of ZM extract on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients has also been affirmed; in a randomized, doubled-blind clinical trial, ZM extract (3 and 6 mg/kg/day for two months) diminished MDA, nitrite and C-reactive protein levels and augmented total thiol content and SOD and CAT activities and finally improved COPD symptoms (Ghorani et al., 2020 ▶). This evidence concerns the gene CAT and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.