However, when Hedgehog ligand binds to PTCH, SMO is activated and released [42], which triggers the activation and release of glioma-related genes (GLi) transcription factors from the protein Suppressor of Fused (SUFU) [43], and then combined with the target gene promoter to activate the transcription of the Hedgehog target gene [44, 45]. Here, PTCH1 is linked to glioma.