TNF and cancer: To determine if LGALS3 is consistently implicated in EMT rather than simply a consequence of TGF-β1 treatment, we accessed our previously published data44 where multiple cell lines of different cancer types (ovarian, OVCA420; breast, MCF7; prostate, DU145; and lung, A549) were each treated with EMT inducers (TGF-β1, TNFα, EGF).