FOXA2 and Insulin resistance: Wolfrum et al. (2004) reported a study in mice with hyperinsulinemia caused by insulin resistance. In these mice, Foxa2 is retained in the cytoplasm in an inactive state. This inactivation disrupts the transcription of genes involved in lipid metabolism, resulting in lipid accumulation in the liver. Furthermore, the loss of specificity of the transcription factor Foxa2 in the liver leads to premature liver aging, increased hepatic lipogenesis and age-related obesity (Bochkis, Shin & Kaestner, 2013).