Additionally, although the exaggerated post-stroke pro-inflammatory response was attributed to ICAM, we found that IPAM showed moderate pro-inflammatory responses as compared to homeostatic microglia, and a significant increase of canonical anti-inflammatory cytokines (Il10, Il4 and Tgfb1) was not observed in IPAM (Additional file 5: Fig S11A). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and stroke disorder.