In human brain samples YOD1 was shown to co-localize with α-synuclein-positive Lewy bodies in PD patients but it did not co-localize with senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in AD patients, nor with neuronal nuclear inclusions in HD patients27, suggesting that in the latter disorders YOD1 does not exert its effects on the aggregated forms of disease related proteins. The gene discussed is YOD1; the disease is Alzheimer disease.