In total, 12 362 WMLs from 934 participants were analyzed (100 participants did not have WMLs suitable for CVS assessment according to NAIMS criteria).8 The median (IQR) proportion of CVS-positive lesions per patients was 62.1% (44.4-79.2) in MS, 68.4% (32.9-90.2) in CIS, 10.7% (0-40.5) in AQP4-positive NMOSD, 20.0% (0.0-50.0) in seronegative-NMOSD, 33.3% (13.7-50.0) in MOGAD, 0.95% (0.0-18.2) in migraine, 11.4% (0.0-30.1) in inflammatory vasculopathies, 0% (0.0-10.5) in cerebrovascular disease, 0% (0.0-1.4) in Fabry disease, and 0% (0.0-19.6) in healthy control individuals. The gene discussed is AQP4; the disease is cerebrovascular disorder.