CTSV and lung carcinoma: We used two pairs of short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) to suppress CTSV expression in three lung cancer cell lines, A549, NCI-H292, and NCI-H1975, to determine the biological role of CTSV in the progression of lung cancer (Figure 2A–2C) In A549, NCI-H292 and NCI-H1975 cells, endogenous CTSV depletion with shRNAs had a strikingly detrimental effect on migration and invasion (Figure 2E–2G).