In terms of protease/antiprotease imbalance, the content of protease in COPD patients is significantly increased, the increased protease causes pulmonary inflammatory infiltration, and fibroblasts produce a large number of factors such as NE and MMP, which further promotes the occurrence of emphysema, aggravates the inflammatory response, and promotes the severity of COPD. This evidence concerns the gene ELANE and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.