CST1 and neoplasm: Additionally, by the detection of serum CST1 in a small cohort of 100 serum samples, including 30 cases with early EC at tumor node metastasis (TNM) I/II stage, 10 cases with advanced EC at TNM III/IV stage, 30 cases with EBL, and 30 HCs, we found that serum CST1 detection might be able to differentiate early EC from EBL and HC (P < 0.05, with an area under the curve (AUC) of up to 0.718 for early EC patients, with 43.3% sensitivity at 88.3% specificity; Fig. S1).