Notably, immune system- and human disease-related pathways, including Th1 and Th2 cell proliferation, Th17 cell proliferation, platelet activation, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, primary immunodeficiency, inflammatory bowel disease, and leishmaniasis were also significantly enriched in Gln and 11S comparison group, suggesting a close link between intestinal epithelial barrier function and immune system pathways in hybrid grouper with Gln supplementation in soya 11S feed. This evidence concerns the gene SOAT1 and inborn error of immunity.