The tumor microenvironment is highly complex and consists of non-tumor cells (i.e., cancer-associated fibroblast, endothelial cells, or infiltrating leukocytes) and a large list of proteins and soluble factors such as extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, and soluble components such as hormones, growth factor, and cytokines (1, 2). Here, PROS1 is linked to neoplasm.