Research has found that miR-155 released from serum extracellular vesicles promotes macrophage proliferation and inflammation by targeting SHIP1 and SOCS1, respectively; suggesting that the miR-155/SHIP1/SOCS1 axis of serum extracellular vesicles was one of the pathogeneses of ALI caused by sepsis, and miR-155 may become a potential target for preventing and treating ALI. This evidence concerns the gene SOCS1 and Sepsis.