TNF and Sepsis: During the onset of ALI caused by sepsis, the release and activation of multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-8, as well as abnormalities in systemic coagulation function can accelerate the development of the disease and cause a cascade reaction of systemic inflammatory, leading to immune dysfunction and worse lung injury, which is not conducive to patients’ prognosis.