TNF and colorectal adenoma: Previously published results on colorectal adenomas found that a high abundance of F. nucleatum was positively correlated with the expression of inflammatory cytokine genes, such as IL-6 and TNF-α, which is similar to our findings (McCoy et al., 2013; Velsko et al., 2015; Martinho et al., 2016; Wei et al., 2016).