The latter gene along with ZHX2, DERL1, FAM83A and ATAD2 have been associated with intense symptoms, resistance to chemotherapy and bad prognosis of human breast cancer and metastatic canine mammary adenocarcinomas, implying interference in mammary cell growth and immune regulation (Kalashnikova et al., 2010; Klopfleisch et al., 2010; Lee et al., 2012; Fang et al., 2021; Choi et al., 2022). This evidence concerns the gene ATAD2 and breast cancer.