Within the ascites TME of OrfV-treated mice, IFN-γ and TNF-α, which are involved in NK and T cell tumor cell cytotoxicity,26 MCP-1, IP-10 and RANTES, which are involved in leukocyte proliferation and recruitment,21,27 and IL-6 and IL-12p70, which are involved in anti-tumor Th-1 stimulation,28 were significantly increased relative to controls. Here, NELFCD is linked to neoplasm.