In the females, ORs for the development of DN were 1.009 (95% CI 1.006, 1.012), 1.113 (95% CI 1.008, 1.229) and 1.004 (95% CI 1.002, 1.006) for every 1 SD increase in serum VEGF, FPG, and UACR, respectively, after adjusting for the confounding factors (all P < 0.05) (Figure 3). This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and liver dysplastic nodule.