Serum VEGF levels in the T2DM group, DR group, and HUDR group were 93.37 ± 18.26 (pg/mL), 102.52 ± 19.44 (pg/mL), and 110.96 ± 22.53 (pg/mL), respectively. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.