IREB2 and Sepsis: Given the high prevalence of certain virulence factors in patients with peUTI, such as adhesins papA, papC, and fimH; those associated with iron uptake sitA, fyuA, irp-2, and Sat toxin (sat), whose cytotoxic and immunomodulatory effect has been associated with the survival and the potential generation of bloodstream infections and sepsis in producer strains (54), these could be used as a target for diagnosis or vaccine development, as proposed by Mobley and Alteri (55).