● cardiac overexpression of miR-212 in CKD failed to affect its previously implicated hypertrophy-associated downstream targets. thus, the molecular mechanism of the development of LVH in CKD seems to be independent of the FOXO3, ERK1/2, AMPK, and AKT/mTOR-mediated pathways indicating unique features in this form of LVH. This evidence concerns the gene FOXO3 and chronic kidney disease.