KL and acute kidney injury: Up-regulation of p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF; HAT) was found to be associated with increased acetylation of histones (e.g., H3K18Ac) and increased expression of inflammatory genes in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -induced septic AKI mouse model (Huang et al., 2015); down-regulation of the renoprotective factor Klotho (in mice encoded by Kl) in folate-induced AKI was shown to occur through TWEAK (TNF-atedrelinducer of apoptosis) -mediated deacetylation of the Kl gene promoter (Moreno et al., 2011).