After treatment, 509 IESS patients from the ACTH combined with MgSO4 group and 144 IESS patients from the ACTH group achieved a reduction in seizure frequency of ≥ 50% compared to baseline and the resolution of hypsarrhythmia EEGs [68.4% (509/744), 95% confidence interval (CI) = 65.1%–71.8% vs. 55.2% (144/261), 95% CI = 49.1%–61.2%; P < 0.001]. This evidence concerns the gene POMC and Hypsarrhythmia.