This project indicated that aberrant mtDNA-cGAS-STING is the common pathway triggering a neuroinflammatory microenvironment, which is crucial for the progress of a wide range of neurodegenerative diseases, such as PD, HD, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), as well as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Here, STING1 is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.