PDE4A and atherosclerosis: Studies in human endothelial cells evidenced that apremilast, an inhibitor of PDE4 activity prescribed in psoriatic patients, reduces the expression of oxidized LDL receptor (LOX-1) and inflammatory mediators involved in the development of atherosclerosis, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8.