This suggests that dopaminergic neurons in A11 play a role in GTN-mediated nociceptive sensitization and photophobic behavior in the migraine model, which is similar to the results in a neuropathic pain model after orbital nerve ligation [35,64].To clarify in which brain regions the dopaminergic projections from the A11 nucleus regulate migraine pathogenesis, we used a cis-tracer virus in combination with TH-cre mice to explore the projection sites of the A11 nucleus. This evidence concerns the gene TH and migraine disorder.