TRPV4-mediated caveolar Ca2+ sparklets were impaired in small pulmonary arteries isolated from a mouse model of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) and from PAH patients due to the local formation of peroxynitrite, which dismantles the caveolin-1-TRPV4 channel signaling network [184]. This evidence concerns the gene CAV1 and pulmonary arterial hypertension.