The NLRP3 inflammasome is crucial to defend the organism against pathogen infections associated with bacteria, fungi, and viruses; however, its overactivation can be linked to the pathogenesis of many autoinflammatory diseases, including cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS), Alzheimer’s diseases, gout, diabetes, and atherosclerosis. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and Alzheimer disease.