IL6 and ulcer disease: As shown in Figure 6A,B, treatment of 0.3 M HCl/ethanol or indomethacin significantly increased IL-6 (p = 0.000009, Cohen’s d = 2.6 and 0.0000009, Cohen’s d = 7.6, respectively) and TNF-α (p = 0.002, Cohen’s d = 8.2 and 0.004, Cohen’s d = 4.6, respectively) in the ulcer group in the stomach tissues compared to the normal group (N).